6/10/2023

Janusmed kön och genus

Janusmed kön och genus – Bupropion

Janusmed kön och genus är ett kunskapsstöd som tillhandahåller information om köns- och genusaspekter på läkemedelsbehandling. Kunskapsstödet är avsedd främst för hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Texterna är generella och ska inte ses som behandlingsriktlinjer. Det är alltid behandlande läkare som ansvarar för patientens medicinering.

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Bupropion

Bupropion

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Bupropion Accord, Bupropion Bluefish, Bupropion Ebb, Bu......

Bupropion Accord, Bupropion Bluefish, Bupropion Ebb, Bupropion Orion, Bupropion Paranova, Bupropion Pharmachim, Bupropion Sandoz, Bupropion Teva, Bupropion Zentiva, Bupropion hydrochloride, Mysimba, Voxra, WELLBUTRIN, Wellbutrin, Zyban
ATC-koder

A08AA62, N06AX12

A08AA62, N06AX12
Substanser

bupropion, bupropionhydroklorid

bupropion, bupropionhydroklorid
Sammanfattning

De flesta studier visar att effekten av bupropionbehandling är lika hos kvinnor och män. Det finns dock studier som visat bättre effekt hos män men även en studie som antyder bättre effekt hos kvinnor. Förskrivning av bupropion är högre hos kvinnor både i Sverige och internationellt.

De flesta studier visar att effekten av bupropionbehandling är lika hos kvinnor och män. Det finns dock studier som visat bättre effekt hos män men även en studie som antyder bättre effekt hos kvinnor. Förskrivning av bupropion är högre hos kvinnor både i Sverige och internationellt.
Background

There seems to be gender differences in smoking cessation. One randomized controlled study (649 men, 875 women) showed higher education in women and no previous depression or a relative lack of negative affect such as anxiousness, irritability and hopelessness during quitting in men to be predictors for success in smoking cessation [1].
A cross-sectional survey study of smokers (451 men, 222 women) showed that women had higher expectancies of effect of pharmacotherapy and a greater motivation to quit smoking than men [2]. However, a high degree of motivation was not equal to success in smoking cessation. In a controlled trial of the impact of cost (negative)- or benefit (positive)-messages on smoking cessation rate (120 men, 129 women), participants were treated with bupropion and randomized to receive messages addressing either benefits of quitting or costs of continuing smoking.  Women who expected low smoking cessation discomfort and received benefit-messages had a higher quit rate than women who received cost-messages (68.4% vs 31.6%). Type of message had no effect in women who e......

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There seems to be gender differences in smoking cessation. One randomized controlled study (649 men, 875 women) showed higher education in women and no previous depression or a relative lack of negative affect such as anxiousness, irritability and hopelessness during quitting in men to be predictors for success in smoking cessation [1]. A cross-sectional survey study of smokers (451 men, 222 women) showed that women had higher expectancies of effect of pharmacotherapy and a greater motivation to quit smoking than men [2]. However, a high degree of motivation was not equal to success in smoking cessation. In a controlled trial of the impact of cost (negative)- or benefit (positive)-messages on smoking cessation rate (120 men, 129 women), participants were treated with bupropion and randomized to receive messages addressing either benefits of quitting or costs of continuing smoking.  Women who expected low smoking cessation discomfort and received benefit-messages had a higher quit rate than women who received cost-messages (68.4% vs 31.6%). Type of message had no effect in women who expected high smoking cessation discomfort and in men regardless of expectancies [3]. # Pharmacokinetics and dosing In a study of single-dose bupropion in smoking and nonsmoking adults (18 men, 16 women) the half-life for bupropion that was 15% shorter in men than in women (17 ± 3 hours and 20 ± 5 hours, respectively) while the AUC, Cmax, t max and the metabolite hydroxybupropion (approximately 50% as effective as bupropion) were similar in men and women [4, 5]. In contrast to this, another study of single-dose of bupropion in smoking and nonsmoking teenagers (37 males, 38 females) showed that the mean AUC and Cmax were higher in women than in men. The bupropion volume of distribution (Vd) normalized to body weight and the half-life were also higher in women than in men, while clearance normalized to body weight (CL/f) was the only parameter showing similar values in men and women. The authors suggested that the protein binding and the metabolism by the CYP2B6 isoenzyme could explain the sex difference [6]. Despite the pharmacokinetic differences of bupropion, the clinical studies have shown effect with similar doses in men and women and no sex differentiation in dosing has been suggested [7]. # Effects Studies show conflicting results regarding sex differences of smoking cessation rate. Some studies show a similar smoking cessation rate in men and women. Two randomized controlled trials (482 men, 475 women) [8, 9] and one survey study (94 men, 129 women) [10] comparing bupropion treatment with nicotine replacement therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy showed no difference in smoking cessation between men and women. In two randomized controlled trials of supportive counseling combined with varenicline 2 mg/day (in all 228 men, 209 women), bupropion 300 mg/day (in all 252 men, 179 women) or placebo (in all 253 men, 197 women) the smoking cessation frequency was similar in men and women [11, 12]. However, there are also studies showing a higher quit rate in men than in women.  In a randomized placebo controlled trial of bupropion treatment (224 men, 380 women) women were less likely to quit smoking [13]. In another randomized controlled trial (629 men, 875 women) the risk of relapse was higher in women (odds ratio 1.29) even though the initial quit rate was similar in men and women [14]. In an observational study of a 6-week cognitive behavioral program with opportunity to add nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion or varenicline (552 men, 730 women), predictors for success in smoking cessation were investigated. Follow-up interviews carried out at 12, 26, and 52 weeks showed that women were 1.5 times more likely to continue smoking than men despite similar baseline characteristics and treatments [15]. In a double-blind trial excluding responders to one week nicotine patch treatment, smokers were randomized to varenicline (46 men, 62 women) or a combination of varenicline and bupropion (55 men, 58 women). The result showed the quit rate with the combination of  varenicline and bupropion to be higher in men (odds ratio compared to monotherapy for successful quitting 4.3 in men and 0.9 in women), contrary, the quit rate with varenicline in monotherapy seemed to be higher in women than in men [16]. # Adverse effects In a placebo-controlled clinical trial of smoking cessation discomfort, volunteers highly motivated to quit were randomized to treatment with monotherapy (nicotine lozenge, nicotine patch or bupropion), combined therapy (lozenge+patch or lozenge+bupropion) or placebo (in total, 412 men, 592 women). Compared to men, women experienced more cessation fatigue, had a stronger association between craving and cessation fatigue, and a greater reduction of symptoms with pharmacotherapy. In men the association between cessation fatigue and negative affect (such as anxiousness, irritability and hopelessness during quitting), and reduction of symptoms with monotherapy was greater, with an even more pronounced sex difference with the combined therapy [17]. No sex differences in self-harm was observed in cohort study during 1.5 years of 80 660 smokers (approximately equal sex distribution) who were prescribed nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline or bupropion [18]. Women who quit smoking without pharmacological treatment have been shown to gain 1 kg more than men [19]. # Reproductive health issues Regarding teratogenic aspects, please consult Janusmed Drugs and Birth Defects (in Swedish, Janusmed fosterpåverkan). # Other information In a study patients with major depressive disorder (28 men, 25 women) and non-depressed controls (20 men, 23 women) were randomized to treatment with bupropion, escitalopram or bupropion+ escitalopram during 12 weeks. The results showed sustained attention/concentration to be higher in women than in men and that reaction time to unexpected stimuli at baseline was predictive of depression treatment response in men but not in women [20]. A Swedish study of smokers treated with varenicline (8639 men, 9287 women) or bupropion (8674 men, 9252 women) showed  that the rate of cardiovascular events per 1000 person years was higher in women than in men six months after treatment with varenicline (4.9 men, 9.1 women) or bupropion (5.8 men, 8.6 women) [21]. No comparison to non-treated smokers was made. A cross-sectional survey study that investigated awareness of smoking cessation treatments among parents of pre-adolescent children showed that female smokers had higher awareness of older nicotine replacement therapies, acupuncture and a quit smoking telephone support line than men. There was no sex difference in awareness of varenicline, bupropion, nortriptyline or newer nicotine replacement therapies. Male smokers experienced to a greater degree than female smokers that nicotine gum and lozenge was effective while other treatments were experienced as equally effective among men and women [22]. Several studies have shown that the use of any smoking cessation medication (varenicline, bupropion or nicotine replacement therapies) to quit was less likely in men than in women [18, 23-26] with the exception of one study where prescription of varenicline and bupropion was equally common in men and women [27]. A randomized placebo-controlled study in African American light smokers receiving health counseling and bupropion (81 men, 133 women) showed that the risk of discontinuing medication at treatment week 3 was more common in men than in women (odds ratio 2.02) [28].
Försäljning på recept

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Fler kvinnor än män hämtade ut tabletter innehållande bupropion (ATC-kod N06AX12) på recept i Sverige år 2015, totalt 19 216 kvinnor och 12 925 män. Det motsvarar 3,9 respektive 2,7 personer per tusen invånare. Andelen som hämtat ut läkemedel var högst i åldersgruppen 25-59 år hos båda könen. I genomsnitt var tabletter innehållande bupropion 1,5 gånger vanligare hos kvinnor [28].
Referenser

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  1. Swan GE, Javitz HS, Jack LM, Curry SJ, McAfee T. Heterogeneity in 12-month outcome among female and male smokers. Addiction. 2004;99:237-50.

  2. Cropsey KL, Leventhal AM, Stevens EN, Trent LR, Clark CB, Lahti AC et al. Expectancies for the effectiveness of different tobacco interventions account for racial and gender differences in motivation to quit and abstinence self-efficacy. Nicotine Tob Res. 2014;16:1174-82.

  3. Toll BA, Salovey P, O'Malley SS, Mazure CM, Latimer A, McKee SA. Message framing for smoking cessation: the interaction of risk perceptions and gender. Nicotine Tob Res. 2008;10:195-200.

  4. Hsyu PH, Singh A, Giargiari TD, Dunn JA, Ascher JA, Johnston JA. Pharmacokinetics of bupropion and its metabolites in cigarette smokers versus nonsmokers. J Clin Pharmacol. 1997;37:737-43.

  5. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Pharmaceutical Press.

  6. Stewart JJ, Berkel HJ, Parish RC, Simar MR, Syed A, Bocchini JA et al. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of bupropion in adolescents: effects of smoking status and gender. J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;41:770-8.

  7. Zyban (bupropion). Summary of Product Characteristics. Medical Products Agency - Sweden; 2000.

  8. Collins BN, Wileyto EP, Patterson F, Rukstalis M, Audrain-McGovern J, Kaufmann V et al. Gender differences in smoking cessation in a placebo-controlled trial of bupropion with behavioral counseling. Nicotine Tob Res. 2004;6:27-37.

  9. Hall SM, Humfleet GL, Muñoz RF, Reus VI, Robbins JA, Prochaska JJ. Extended treatment of older cigarette smokers. Addiction. 2009;104:1043-52.

  10. Hoving EF, Mudde AN, de Vries H. Predictors of smoking relapse in a sample of Dutch adult smokers; the roles of gender and action plans. Addict Behav. 2006;31:1177-89.

  11. Cinciripini PM, Robinson JD, Karam-Hage M, Minnix JA, Lam C, Versace F et al. Effects of varenicline and bupropion sustained-release use plus intensive smoking cessation counseling on prolonged abstinence from smoking and on depression, negative affect, and other symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70:522-33.

  12. Gonzales D, Rennard SI, Nides M, Oncken C, Azoulay S, Billing CB et al. Varenicline, an alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2006;296:47-55.

  13. Aubin HJ, Lebargy F, Berlin I, Bidaut-Mazel C, Chemali-Hudry J, Lagrue G. Efficacy of bupropion and predictors of successful outcome in a sample of French smokers: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Addiction. 2004;99:1206-18.

  14. Japuntich SJ, Leventhal AM, Piper ME, Bolt DM, Roberts LJ, Fiore MC et al. Smoker characteristics and smoking-cessation milestones. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40:286-94.

  15. Iliceto P, Fino E, Pasquariello S, D'Angelo Di Paola ME, Enea D. Predictors of success in smoking cessation among Italian adults motivated to quit. J Subst Abuse Treat. ;44:534-40.

  16. Rose JE, Behm FM. Combination treatment with varenicline and bupropion in an adaptive smoking cessation paradigm. Am J Psychiatry. 2014;171:1199-205.

  17. Liu X, Li R, Lanza ST, Vasilenko SA, Piper M. Understanding the role of cessation fatigue in the smoking cessation process. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;133:548-55.

  18. Gunnell D, Irvine D, Wise L, Davies C, Martin RM. Varenicline and suicidal behaviour: a cohort study based on data from the General Practice Research Database. BMJ. 2009;339:b3805.

  19. Williamson DF, Madans J, Anda RF, Kleinman JC, Giovino GA, Byers T. Smoking cessation and severity of weight gain in a national cohort. N Engl J Med. 1991;324:739-45.

  20. Jaworska N, De Somma E, Blondeau C, Tessier P, Norris S, Fusee W et al. Auditory P3 in antidepressant pharmacotherapy treatment responders, non-responders and controls. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013;23:1561-9.

  21. Svanström H, Pasternak B, Hviid A. Use of varenicline for smoking cessation and risk of serious cardiovascular events: nationwide cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e7176.

  22. Cowie N, Glover M, Scragg R, Bullen C, Nosa V, McCool J et al. Awareness and perceived effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments and services among New Zealand parents resident in highly deprived suburbs. N Z Med J. 2013;126:48-59.

  23. Kasza KA, Hyland AJ, Borland R, McNeill AD, Bansal-Travers M, Fix BV et al. Effectiveness of stop-smoking medications: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey. Addiction. 2013;108:193-202.

  24. Cooper J, Borland R, Yong HH. Australian smokers increasingly use help to quit, but number of attempts remains stable: findings from the International Tobacco Control Study 2002-09. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2011;35:368-76.

  25. Huang Y, Britton J, Hubbard R, Lewis S. Who receives prescriptions for smoking cessation medications? An association rule mining analysis using a large primary care database. Tob Control. 2013;22:274-9.

  26. Kotz D, Fidler J, West R. Factors associated with the use of aids to cessation in English smokers. Addiction. 2009;104:1403-10.

  27. Thomas KH, Martin RM, Davies NM, Metcalfe C, Windmeijer F, Gunnell D. Smoking cessation treatment and risk of depression, suicide, and self harm in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2013;347:f5704.

  28. Nollen NL, Mayo MS, Ahluwalia JS, Tyndale RF, Benowitz NL, Faseru B et al. Factors associated with discontinuation of bupropion and counseling among African American light smokers in a randomized clinical trial. Ann Behav Med. 2013;46:336-48.

  1. Swan GE, Javitz HS, Jack LM, Curry SJ, McAfee T. Heterogeneity in 12-month outcome among female and male smokers. Addiction. 2004;99:237-50.
  2. Cropsey KL, Leventhal AM, Stevens EN, Trent LR, Clark CB, Lahti AC et al. Expectancies for the effectiveness of different tobacco interventions account for racial and gender differences in motivation to quit and abstinence self-efficacy. Nicotine Tob Res. 2014;16:1174-82.
  3. Toll BA, Salovey P, O'Malley SS, Mazure CM, Latimer A, McKee SA. Message framing for smoking cessation: the interaction of risk perceptions and gender. Nicotine Tob Res. 2008;10:195-200.
  4. Hsyu PH, Singh A, Giargiari TD, Dunn JA, Ascher JA, Johnston JA. Pharmacokinetics of bupropion and its metabolites in cigarette smokers versus nonsmokers. J Clin Pharmacol. 1997;37:737-43.
  5. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Pharmaceutical Press.
  6. Stewart JJ, Berkel HJ, Parish RC, Simar MR, Syed A, Bocchini JA et al. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of bupropion in adolescents: effects of smoking status and gender. J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;41:770-8.
  7. Zyban (bupropion). Summary of Product Characteristics. Medical Products Agency - Sweden; 2000.
  8. Collins BN, Wileyto EP, Patterson F, Rukstalis M, Audrain-McGovern J, Kaufmann V et al. Gender differences in smoking cessation in a placebo-controlled trial of bupropion with behavioral counseling. Nicotine Tob Res. 2004;6:27-37.
  9. Hall SM, Humfleet GL, Muñoz RF, Reus VI, Robbins JA, Prochaska JJ. Extended treatment of older cigarette smokers. Addiction. 2009;104:1043-52.
  10. Hoving EF, Mudde AN, de Vries H. Predictors of smoking relapse in a sample of Dutch adult smokers; the roles of gender and action plans. Addict Behav. 2006;31:1177-89.
  11. Cinciripini PM, Robinson JD, Karam-Hage M, Minnix JA, Lam C, Versace F et al. Effects of varenicline and bupropion sustained-release use plus intensive smoking cessation counseling on prolonged abstinence from smoking and on depression, negative affect, and other symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70:522-33.
  12. Gonzales D, Rennard SI, Nides M, Oncken C, Azoulay S, Billing CB et al. Varenicline, an alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2006;296:47-55.
  13. Aubin HJ, Lebargy F, Berlin I, Bidaut-Mazel C, Chemali-Hudry J, Lagrue G. Efficacy of bupropion and predictors of successful outcome in a sample of French smokers: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Addiction. 2004;99:1206-18.
  14. Japuntich SJ, Leventhal AM, Piper ME, Bolt DM, Roberts LJ, Fiore MC et al. Smoker characteristics and smoking-cessation milestones. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40:286-94.
  15. Iliceto P, Fino E, Pasquariello S, D'Angelo Di Paola ME, Enea D. Predictors of success in smoking cessation among Italian adults motivated to quit. J Subst Abuse Treat. ;44:534-40.
  16. Rose JE, Behm FM. Combination treatment with varenicline and bupropion in an adaptive smoking cessation paradigm. Am J Psychiatry. 2014;171:1199-205.
  17. Liu X, Li R, Lanza ST, Vasilenko SA, Piper M. Understanding the role of cessation fatigue in the smoking cessation process. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;133:548-55.
  18. Gunnell D, Irvine D, Wise L, Davies C, Martin RM. Varenicline and suicidal behaviour: a cohort study based on data from the General Practice Research Database. BMJ. 2009;339:b3805.
  19. Williamson DF, Madans J, Anda RF, Kleinman JC, Giovino GA, Byers T. Smoking cessation and severity of weight gain in a national cohort. N Engl J Med. 1991;324:739-45.
  20. Jaworska N, De Somma E, Blondeau C, Tessier P, Norris S, Fusee W et al. Auditory P3 in antidepressant pharmacotherapy treatment responders, non-responders and controls. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013;23:1561-9.
  21. Svanström H, Pasternak B, Hviid A. Use of varenicline for smoking cessation and risk of serious cardiovascular events: nationwide cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e7176.
  22. Cowie N, Glover M, Scragg R, Bullen C, Nosa V, McCool J et al. Awareness and perceived effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments and services among New Zealand parents resident in highly deprived suburbs. N Z Med J. 2013;126:48-59.
  23. Kasza KA, Hyland AJ, Borland R, McNeill AD, Bansal-Travers M, Fix BV et al. Effectiveness of stop-smoking medications: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey. Addiction. 2013;108:193-202.
  24. Cooper J, Borland R, Yong HH. Australian smokers increasingly use help to quit, but number of attempts remains stable: findings from the International Tobacco Control Study 2002-09. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2011;35:368-76.
  25. Huang Y, Britton J, Hubbard R, Lewis S. Who receives prescriptions for smoking cessation medications? An association rule mining analysis using a large primary care database. Tob Control. 2013;22:274-9.
  26. Kotz D, Fidler J, West R. Factors associated with the use of aids to cessation in English smokers. Addiction. 2009;104:1403-10.
  27. Thomas KH, Martin RM, Davies NM, Metcalfe C, Windmeijer F, Gunnell D. Smoking cessation treatment and risk of depression, suicide, and self harm in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2013;347:f5704.
  28. Nollen NL, Mayo MS, Ahluwalia JS, Tyndale RF, Benowitz NL, Faseru B et al. Factors associated with discontinuation of bupropion and counseling among African American light smokers in a randomized clinical trial. Ann Behav Med. 2013;46:336-48.
Uppdaterat

Litteratursökningsdatum 8/17/2015

Litteratursökningsdatum 8/17/2015